Post-War Trauma: A Society in Recovery
The aftermath of war leaves scars on society that extend far beyond the battlefield. The ramifications of war are frequently discussed, and regardless of the outcome, it’s inevitably a traumatic experience for everyone involved. Russian society is no exception. The war has become an intrinsic part of daily life, affecting everyone, from the conscription drive dragging men into combat to the wounded veterans and coffins returning home.
Psychologically, we’re becoming accustomed to these abnormalities. However, the lack of conversation about the war’s consequences only exacerbates the damage. Today, I want to discuss a major long-term consequence that requires far more attention: mass trauma.
Understanding Mass Trauma
Mass trauma refers to a persistent traumatic event that impacts an entire nation or ethnic group, such as wars, mass repression, genocide, or terrorist attacks. These events leave indelible marks on societies, affecting individuals long after the immediate victims are gone. The pain, grief, and humiliation build up within the affected demographic and are passed down through generations, leading to what is known as transgenerational trauma.
This trauma is not just a historical anecdote; it shapes the behaviors and emotions of those who did not directly experience the events. For instance, psychotherapists have documented how the trauma of the Siege of Leningrad during World War II has been passed down to the descendants of those who survived it. These individuals, who have never experienced hunger, often exhibit an almost reverent attitude towards food, stemming from their inherited trauma.
The Role of Historical Context
The trauma inflicted by events like the Siege of Leningrad has been further compounded by subsequent historical hardships, such as the food shortages during the Soviet era. This has created a legacy of hoarding and a deep-seated fear of scarcity, even among those who have always had enough.
Transgenerational trauma isn’t just perpetuated by educational systems but also by the failure of older generations to process their experiences. For example, the glorification of survival during the Siege of Leningrad masks the unspeakable tragedies and moral compromises made during that time. This veneration turns trauma into a source of national pride rather than an event to be mourned and learned from.
Chosen Trauma and Its Impact
A particularly potent form of trauma is “chosen trauma,” a nationally humiliating event that becomes central to national identity. This type of trauma is kept alive by narratives of victimization and revenge, often manipulated by those in power to create a sense of unity against an external enemy.
This is evident in the way the Russian government has used the Victory Day narrative from World War II to foster a sense of national pride and militarism. However, the current generation lacks a true understanding of the horrors their ancestors endured, focusing instead on the glorified aspects of victory.
Present-Day Consequences
Today, the Russian government continues to romanticize war, pushing narratives of heroism and a vague sense of belonging while encouraging people to see themselves as defenders of their nation. This manipulation deepens the societal trauma, as individuals grapple with grief, depression, and a pervasive sense of insecurity.
The ongoing conflict has reactivated historical traumas, leading to a variety of psychological responses. Some individuals react with guilt, others with denial, and many with a renewed sense of enmity towards perceived enemies. These reactions are all rooted in the unprocessed traumas of the past, making it difficult for society to move forward.
Looking Ahead
The path to recovery from such deep-seated trauma requires a collective effort. It starts with recognizing and discussing the traumas that have shaped society. Silence only perpetuates the cycle of trauma; open conversation is essential for healing.
We must strive to understand and empathize with those affected by trauma, resisting the urge to dehumanize or vilify others. Recognizing our shared humanity is the first step towards breaking the cycle of inherited trauma and building a more resilient society.
In conclusion, while the journey to healing is long and complex, it is possible. By fostering dialogue, promoting empathy, and actively working to process our collective traumas, we can begin to pave the way for a more peaceful and understanding future. Let’s continue this conversation and make a positive impact on our society.
